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  • Phrase and Clause 1

    • Lecture1.1
      Phrase and Clause
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    Phrase and Clause

    Basic Information

    English ➞ Language  ➞ 26 letters (Alphabet)
                                ⬋ ⬊   
                          Vowels    Consonent 
                     (a,e,i,o,u)    (b,c,d,..z)      
                                ⬊ ⬋
                               Word (a meaningful unit of letter)
                                 ⬇
                              Pharase
                                 ⬇
                               Clause
                                 ⬇
                              Sentance

    Phrase

    It is a collection of words that doesn’t have its subject & finite verb. It does put forward some meaning but not the complete meaning.Ex: One pizza with extra cheese. (It doesn’t have subject & verb)

    Types of Phrase

    1. Noun Phrase:मतलब सब्जेक्ट और ऑब्जेक्ट के रोले मैं अगर एक या एक से ज़्यादा शब्दों का समूह लग रहा है तो उससे नाउन फ्रेज कहेंगे ।
    Ex: 1.  I           like         this idea.
         (Subject)     (Verb)       (Object/Noun Phrase)
    
        2. This Idea         Was     Very Popular.
          (Noun Phrase/S)    (V)       (O)
    2. Adjective Phraseएक विशेषण वाक्यांश शब्दों का एक समूह है जो एक वाक्य में एक संज्ञा या सर्वनाम का वर्णन करता है।NOTE: विशेषण (एडजेक्टिव) को कभी बहुवचन (प्लुरल) नही कर सकते।
     Ex: 1. He is a  intelligent    student.
                    (Adj. Phrase)   (Noun)
    
    2. He is a  narrow minded   person.
                 (Adj. ph.)      (N)
    
    3. She is a   soft spoken    lady.
                   (Adj. ph.)     (N)
    3. Verbal Phraseक्रिया (वर्ब) का काम करने के लिए एक या एक से ज्यादा क्रिया (वर्ब) है तोह उसको वर्बल फ्रेज कहेंगे।
     Example:
    1. He      completed            his task.
     (Sub.)     (Verb)              (Object)
    
    2. He      has completed         his task.
       (S)    (Verbal phrase)         (Obj.)
    
    3. He      has been completing     his task.
                   (V.P)
    4. He      will have been completing   his task.
                    (V.P)  
    
    4. Adverbial Phraseकिसी भी सेंटेंस में जो शब्द एक्शन को क्वालीफाई करते है या एक्शन क बारे में एक्स्ट्रा इनफार्मेशन प्रोवाइड करते है उन्हें अड्वॅरबिअल फ्रेज कहते है।
    Example:
    1. I     met     you        yesterday.  
      (s)    (V)     (O)     (Adverb of time)
    
    2. I     met     you        last week.
      (s)    (V)     (O)     (Adverb phrase of time)
    5. Phrasal Verbएक वाक्यांश क्रिया विभिन्न व्याकरणिक श्रेणियों से दो या तीन शब्दों का संयोजन है।
    1. Call Up   ➞ To phone somebody. 
                    Ex. I called you up yesterday
    2. Call Upon ➞ Tp invite somebody to do something. 
                    Ex. I whould like to call upon mr.SRK to give away the   
                         award.
    3. Call On   ➞ TO pay a visit to somebody.  
                    Ex. P.M Modi called on shinzo ade in japan.
    4. Call of   ➞ To cancel something. 
                    Ex. Bilateras talks with pakistan has been called off.

    Clause

    A clause is a part of a sentence which does have its subject and a finite verb.
    Example
    He is intelligent        but          he could not performe well.
       clause-1         (conjunction )         clause-2
    Finite Verbवर्ब को फिनिट तब कहा जाता है जब उसके रूप रेखा के उप्पर सेन्टेन्स के सब्जेक्ट का और टेंस का फर्क पड़े।Non-finite Verbजो निश्चित न किया जा सके।

    Types of Clauses

    1. Independent/ Main/ Principal Clauseयदि कोई खंड(क्लॉज़) किसी अन्य खंड की सहायता के बिना अग्रेषित करने के लिए पर्याप्त है, तो उस खंड को स्वतंत्र खंड कहा जाता है।
    Example
    #  She is intelligent but he could not performed well.
       (Main/Independent)               (Main/Ind.)

    2. Dependent / Sub-ordinate Clauseडिपेंडेंट क्लॉज़ वह क्लॉज़ होते ह जो दूसरे क्लॉज़ पे डिपेंड होते है, जिनका अपना कोई दाईत्व नहीं होता।
    Example
    #    If you work hard, you will get success
        (Dependent Clause)   (Ind. Clause)

    Types of Depenent Clause

    1. Noun Clauseसंज्ञा खंड विषयों, प्रत्यक्ष वस्तुओं, अप्रत्यक्ष वस्तुओं या एक पूर्वसर्ग की वस्तुओं के रूप में कार्य कर सकते हैं। संज्ञा खंड इस तरह से शुरू होता है जैसे कि how, that, what, whatever, when, where, whether, which, whichever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, and why.
    (a)  I      know     what he is doing thesedays.
        (s)     (V)        (Noun Clause)
    
    (b) What you just said   is     Unbelivable.
         (noun clause /s)     (V)      (Adj.)
    2. Adjective Clauseविशेषण उपवाक्य सूचना प्रदान करता है जो शब्द को संशोधित करने के लिए आवश्यक है। विशेषण उपवाक्य इस तरह से शुरू होता है जैसे कि that, when, where, who, whom, whose, which, and why.
    Example
    (a) He is the   student    who has secured the first position.
                       (N)         (Adj. Clause)
    (b) I bought a new   watch    which is very costly
                          (N)         (Adj. Clause)
    3. Adverbial Clauseवर्ब को क्वालीफाई करने वाला अड्वॅरबिअल क्लॉज़ कहलाता है, लेकिन केवल डिपेंडेंट क्लॉज़ सेन्टेन्स मैं।
    Example         
      #       When i saw her,            I stopped by bike.  
      (Adverbial clause of time / Dept)     (Independent)

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